Search results for " SME."
showing 10 items of 84 documents
De las monedas nacionales al Sistema Monetario Europeo: la aportación de los servicios de la Comisión
2006
Desde mediados de los años ochenta hasta principios de los noventa, la Comisión Europea vivió uno de sus períodos de mayor esplendor en términos de propuestas concretas y de avances en el proceso de construcción europea, principalmente en el ámbito de las relaciones monetarias y financieras. Fueron también los años de preparación de la entrada de la peseta y el escudo en el Mecanismo de Tipos de Cambio del Sistema Monetario Europeo. En este artículo se revisa esta etapa desde la perspectiva de los servicios de la Comisión manuel.sanchis@uv.es
Socioemotional Wealth and Networking in the Internationalisation of Family SMEs
2021
In internationalisation processes, international expansion exposes family SMEs to external networking and the risks such expansion entails, and perceived threats to their socioemotional wealth (SEW) might restrain their willingness to take these actions. However, very few studies measure SEW and associate it with internationalisation. Considering SEW preservation’s prominence in family SMEs and SMEs’ heavy dependence on networking during internationalisation, we hypothesise that SEW preservation has a negative association and networking has a positive association with the family SMEs’ degree of internationalisation (DOI). We reconstruct four SEW constructs that carry significance for family…
Availability of alternative financial resources for SMES as a critical part of the entrepreneurial eco-system: Latvia and Italy
2015
Abstract The importance of non-traditional alternative/innovative financing is gaining recognition in both developed and emerging economies throughout the world (OECD, 2012; EC, 2013; ECB, 2013; ECB, 2014). SME financing in Europe remains primarily bank based, in spite of the many policies proposed to develop alternative financing instruments (e.g. adopting directives on venture capital, improving the transparency and visibility of SMEs on capital markets, etc.) The paper aims at understanding the availability of alternative resources for SMEs by analyzing them rigorously, understanding the obstacles for the development of non-bank finance and developing recommendations to overcome them. Th…
Audit fees and cost of debt: differences in the credibility of voluntary and mandatory audits
2019
Despite the extensive research on audit fees, few studies have examined the effect of audit fees on the cost of debt. Based on the credence goods theory, we examine whether the effect of audits on the cost of debt is affected by the type of audit (voluntary or mandatory) and the audit fees, as well as whether there is a combined effect of voluntary audits and audit fees, so that the effect of voluntary audits on the cost of debt is affected by audit fees. Using a sample of Spanish SMEs, we find an asymmetric effect of audit fees on the cost of debt: higher audit fees are associated with a lower cost of debt for voluntarily audited companies, while the association is not significant for mand…
ROMANIAN SMES VERSUS THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS-IMPEDIMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES
2012
This paper studies the way small and medium sized enterprises have reacted towards the global financial crisis. It also attempts to study the impact this crisis had on both the activity of these enterprises and on the business mentality in Romania. The article studies the reasons which determined the SMEs’ vulnerability during the crisis; these belong to a wide range, spreading from the tightening of the financing options or of the activity, up to the management’s nature. The impact of the economic crisis is studied starting with the statistics in the specialty literature, which highlight the SMEs’ situation starting with 2008. Having as support these numbers, the paper analyzes the effects…
Feeding ecology of the sand smelt, Atherina boyeri (Risso, 1810) (Osteichthyes, Atherinidae), in the western Mediterranean: evidence for spatial vari…
2005
The feeding ecology of the sand smelt Atherina boyeri Risso 1810 (Osteichthyes, Atherinidae) was investigated in a Mediterranean coastal basin (Stagnone di Marsala, Italy) by means of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios. Sampling was carried out seasonally in 1999 in two locations characterised by different depth and vegetal coverage. Throughout the year the sand smelt showed enriched δ 13C and δ 15N values in both sampling locations (δ 13C about −12‰ and δ 15N about 12‰). This result suggests the overall importance of the benthic pathway in the food web leading to A. boyeri. Our isotopic picture is only in partial agreement with stomach content data from the literature. Stomach conte…
Multichannel integration through innovation capability in manufacturing SMEs and its impact on performance
2021
Purpose Using online channels is an opportunity for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing industry to reach new markets and reduce the dependency on distributors. The challenge remains that of integrating new online channels into existing networks effectively. This paper aims to identify to what extent multichannel integration is enhanced by the innovation capability of manufacturing SMEs and the subsequent influence on their performance. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected by means of a survey aimed at managers of small manufacturing firms in Mexico and were analysed through an advanced partial least squares (PLS) approach via SmartPLS. Findings Manufa…
Monoklonale Gammopathie bei HIV-Infektion
2008
A lambda-light chain-IgA plasmocytoma, accompanied by a changing clinical picture of fever, nocturnal perspirations and weight loss, developed in a 46-year-old homosexual male with AIDS, stage IV (classification according to the Centers for Disease Control). He had been suffering from recurrent Salmonella septicaemia. Serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated marked elevation of the beta- and gamma-fractions (44% and 24%, respectively). There were 15% plasma cells in the differential blood count and in the bone marrow smear. Immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated free lambda-light chains. The IgA concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was raised to 202 mg/l, and there was an IgA paraproteinaemia…
Morphological characterization of the blood cells in the endangered Sicilian endemic pond turtle,Emys trinacris(Testudines: Emydidae)
2014
AbstractIn this study, measurements of morphological parameters, sizes and frequencies of peripheral blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes) on blood smear preparation devices stained with May-Grunwald stain were evaluated for both sexes in 20 Emys trinacris (Testudines: Emydidae) specimens. Erythrocytes were higher in male than in female specimens. The leukocyte of E. trinacris contains eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, heterophil and lymphocyte. The eosinophil was higher in males than in females whereas lymphocytes were higher in females than in males. The erythrocyte morphological parameters (EL [erythrocyte length], EW [erythrocyte width], L/W [length/width], ES [erythrocyte …
Trypanosoma evansi infection in mainland Spain.
2009
An outbreak of Trypanosoma evansi infection that occurred in mainland Spain is described. The outbreak occurred on an equine and camel farm to which dromedary camels from an infected area of the Canary Islands had recently been introduced. One of these camels developed clinical signs and T. evansi was discovered in a blood smear examination. The herd was evaluated in order to determine the extent of the disease. The results showed that 76% of the camels, 35% of the donkeys and 2% of the horses were affected. The animals were isolated and treated using Cymelarsan((R)) (0.5mg/kg). After treatment, three blood analysis using parasitological methods revealed negative results. This is the first …